ARCHIVES
VOL. 10, ISSUE 4 (2025)
Ahinsā as the cornerstone of Jaina Ethics: Philosophical foundations and ethical implications
Authors
Dr. Sanjoy Paul
Abstract
This article explores the centrality of Ahinsā (non-violence) in
Jain philosophy, demonstrating how it functions not merely as an ethical
guideline but as the foundational principle of Jaina metaphysics, epistemology,
and moral conduct. Unlike other Indic traditions where non-violence is a shared
value, Jainism elevates Ahinsā to a doctrinal absolute, essential for
both personal liberation (moksha) and social harmony. Rooted in the
dualistic ontology of jīva (soul) and ajīva (matter), Ahinsā
serves as a metaphysical necessity to prevent karmic entanglement and promote
spiritual purification. This article discusses how Ahinsā manifests
through the five great vows (mahāvratas) and is operationalized in
thought, speech, and action, affecting even dietary choices, occupation, and
daily behavior. It also examines the philosophical support for Ahinsā provided
by epistemological doctrines like anekāntavāda and syādvāda, which
promote intellectual humility, ethical pluralism, and peaceful coexistence. In
practice, Ahinsā inspires environmental stewardship, animal protection,
minimalist living, and conflict resolution. Its influence extends into modern
ethical discourses and political movements, most notably through Mahatma
Gandhi’s philosophy of satyagraha. However, the article also critically
engages with the challenges facing the Jain ethic of Ahinsā, including
its practical rigidity, ascetic individualism, hierarchical valuation of life
forms, and issues related to gender and social inequality. Despite these
challenges, the article argues that the Jain vision of Ahinsā remains
deeply relevant in addressing contemporary moral crises such as ecological
degradation, violence, and consumerism. It concludes that Ahinsā in
Jainism is not a passive abstention from harm, but an active, disciplined
engagement with the world rooted in compassion, restraint, and reverence for
all forms of life.
Download
Pages:44-48
How to cite this article:
Dr. Sanjoy Paul "Ahinsā as the cornerstone of Jaina Ethics: Philosophical foundations and ethical implications". International Journal of Multidisciplinary Education and Research, Vol 10, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 44-48
Download Author Certificate
Please enter the email address corresponding to this article submission to download your certificate.