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VOL. 11, ISSUE 1 (2026)
Role of social work in India's criminal justice system: Frameworks, challenges, and pathways to reform
Authors
Kartikey Jaiswal, Aradhana Yadav
Abstract
India's criminal justice system is undergoing
a philosophical transformation from purely punitive approaches toward
rehabilitative, restorative, and rights-based frameworks. This research paper
examines the multifaceted role of social work as an interdisciplinary
profession within India's criminal justice continuum — encompassing policing,
adjudication, corrections, juvenile justice, and victim support. Anchored in
constitutional guarantees under Articles 14, 21, and 39A, the study analyses
the statutory framework, functional domains, institutional architecture, and
emerging challenges that define criminal justice social work in India. Drawing
on doctrinal analysis, judicial precedents, comparative international models,
and socio-legal scholarship, the paper argues that professional social work is
not merely supplementary to criminal justice processes but constitutes a
foundational pillar of humane, rights-based justice delivery. The paper
concludes with evidence-based policy recommendations to strengthen the
professionalization, legal recognition, and institutional integration of social
work services across the criminal justice system.
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Pages:66-69
How to cite this article:
Kartikey Jaiswal, Aradhana Yadav "Role of social work in India's criminal justice system: Frameworks, challenges, and pathways to reform". International Journal of Multidisciplinary Education and Research, Vol 11, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 66-69
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